Lactose Tolerance Test measures how well the body breaks down milk sugar (lactose) in the intestines. Lactose is the major sugar molecule found in mild and many dairy products. It is digested by an enzyme called lactase, which converts it into table sugar (glucose) and another sugar called galactose. Galactose is then converted to glucose by the liver after its absorption. People who are lactose intolerant do not produce enough lactase enzyme to digest dairy products that contain a lot of lactose. People with lactase deficiency will experience bloating, cramps, and diarrhea. However, diabetic patients may have abnormal lactose tolerance results that are due to abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and not necessarily due to lactose intolerance. It is therefore recommended that people with poor Lactose Tolerance Test results should then have a glucose tolerance test, which may reveal hidden diabetes.
Lactose Tolerance Test is performed after drinking a liquid that contains sugar called lactose. Several blood samples are taken over a 2-hour period to measure the blood glucose (sugar) level, which indicates how well the body is able to digest the ingested lactose.
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