LEMS test is performed to check an autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission. The symptoms of LEMS can be similar to that of myasthenia gravis, but the progression of the two diseases has some important differences.
LEMS results from an autoimmune attack directed against the voltage-gated calcium channels on the presynaptic motor nerve terminal. Antibodies to voltage-gated calcium channels have been found in the majority of patients with LEMS. Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) test detects antibodies to the Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels (VGCC).
In the USA, the true incidence of LEMS is unknown. At most, 50% of cases of LEMS are in patients with an identified cancer. In fact, many malignancies may be involved, including such seemingly unrelated conditions as cancer of the bladder.
Symptoms include progressive weakness that affects everyday activities and general quality of life, fatigue, dry mouth and impotence. Eventually, the weakness can have profound consequences. However, death often results from the underlying malignancy. People with LEMS are at increased risk for lung cancer.
Current reports note almost equal frequency in men and women. This is primarily a disease of middle-aged and older persons.
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